Karakteristik Sumber Dan Framing Risiko Konsumsi Gula Pada Media Online Indonesia: Klasifikasi Transparan Berbasis Forward Chaining

Abstract

The documentary film Dirty Vote became a political communication product that generated extensive debate ahead of Indonesia’s 2024 General Election. This study analyzes users’ interpretations, interaction patterns, and political communication culture in discussing allegations of electoral fraud through the YouTube comment section of the film. A qualitative approach with a netnographic method was employed. The digital research arena was limited to public comments and reply threads on Dirty Vote uploaded on the PSHK Indonesia YouTube channel. The data consisted of Indonesian-language comments published from 11 February to 30 November 2024 and related to the film’s substance, electoral integrity, expert credibility, neutrality of power, democracy, propaganda, and political preferences. Data were collected through netnographic observation, digital documentation, and literature review, and were analyzed through selection, anonymization, coding, thematic categorization, and interpretation of relations among comments. The findings reveal three positions of interpretation: dominant, negotiated, and oppositional. Conversations developed through opinion reinforcement, argumentative rebuttal, repetitive debate, labeling, personal attacks, and topic diversion. The comment section functioned both as a space for political participation and as an arena of identity polarization. Users’ communication culture was characterized by informal language, humor, satire, political symbols, and expressions of alignment. The findings confirm that political messages in the film were not received uniformly but were negotiated according to users’ experiences, levels of trust, and political positions.