Tourism Area Life Cycle Model: an Overview of Samosir Island

Abstract

Tourism development on Samosir Island has significant potential due to its natural attractions, cultural heritage, and strategic position within the Lake Toba tourism area in North Sumatra, Indonesia. However, the sustainability of tourism development requires an understanding of the destination's development stage, challenges, and future management strategies. This study aims to examine tourism development on Samosir Island using the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) model proposed by Butler (1980). This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data are intended to be collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, and documentation involving local government representatives, tourism business operators, community leaders, and local residents. The data are analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The analysis focuses on the six stages of the TALC model: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, and decline or rejuvenation. In addition, the study examines destination competitiveness, community participation, tourism infrastructure, and environmental and cultural sustainability. The TALC framework provides an analytical basis for understanding tourism development on Samosir Island and identifying potential challenges in maintaining destination competitiveness. The study highlights the importance of integrated destination management, improved tourism services and infrastructure, active community participation, and environmental and cultural preservation. These aspects are essential for supporting sustainable tourism development and strengthening Samosir Island's position as a competitive tourism destination.