PENGARUH KECEMASAN SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENGELUARAN ASI DI BIDAN PRAKTIK MANDIRI (BPM) DI KOTA BENGKULU
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Pandemi Covid 19 di berbagai wilayah menimbulkan banyak dampak bagi kehidupan manusia, diantaranya jumlah korban jiwa yang meningkat setiap hari, kerugian harta benda serta kerugian lainnya. Kesehatan mental ibu selama kehamilan yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi psikologis, emosional, serta perkembangan sosial bagi ibu dan bayinya terutama di saat pandemi. Kecemasan yang berlebihan bisa menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan kortisol yang mengakibatkan terhambatnya transportasi hormon oksitosin dan akibatnya pengeluaran ASI ibu bisa terhambat. Metode: penelitian ini ialah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di BPM Hermanelis dan BPM Susi Di Kota Bengkulu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan bulan Agustus-September 2022. Subjek penelitian ini adalah ibu postpartum di BPM di Kota Bengkulu dengan perkiraan melahirkan selama Bulan Agustus-September Tahun 2022 yang diambil secara accidental sampling. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Analisis univariat digunakan untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi masing-masing variabel penelitian, yaitu karakteristik (umur, jumlah anak, tingkat kecemasan). dari jumlah sampel sebanyak 124 orang dapat diketahui bahwa, sebagian besar umur responden sebagian besar berusia >20 tahun (79%), dengan jumlah anak responden sebagian besar ≥ 1 Kelahiran (56,5%), tingkat kecemasan responden sebagian besar rendah (62,1%). jumlah sampel sebanyak 124 orang dapat diketahui bahwa tingkat pengeluaran ASI dengan kategori belum keluar 87,1%. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square diperoleh nilai p value 0,003 (P<0,05) yang berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara antara tingkat kecemasan dengan pengeluaran ASI selama pandemi. Kesimpulan: Ibu Hamil di Kota Bengkulu mengalami tingkat kecemasan yang rendah selama masa pandemi coronavirus (COVID-19), namun hal ini berpengaruh pada pengeluaran ASI di hari pertama.
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