Analysis of The Protection of Rape Victims According to Law Number 1 Of 2023 on The Criminal Code and Law Number 12 Of 2022 on The Elimination of Sexual Violence Crimes

Abstract

This study aims to analyze legal protection for victims of rape crimes from the perspective of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code and Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes. Rape is a form of sexual violence that causes physical, psychological, social, and economic suffering for the victims, thus requiring legal handling oriented towards justice and recovery. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Legal material sources consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials which are analyzed qualitatively.. Research results show that both laws have provided a more comprehensive legal basis compared to previous regulations, particularly regarding the rights of victims to protection, assistance, restitution, rehabilitation, and guarantees of confidentiality of identity. However, their implementation still faces obstacles in the form of limited gender-sensitive law enforcement officials, minimal integrated service facilities, difficulties in evidence collection, as well as persistent social stigma against victims. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen coordination among institutions, enhance the capacity of officials, and optimize recovery services so that legal protection for rape victims can be effectively and fairly implemented.