A Qualitative Study on Public Awareness and Prevention Practices Toward Influenza

Abstract

This qualitative study investigates public awareness, attitudes, and preventive practices related to influenza, one of the most widespread yet often underestimated respiratory viral infections. Although influenza outbreaks occur annually and can lead to serious health complications, public understanding and preventive behaviors vary significantly. The purpose of this research is to explore how individuals in South Jakarta, Indonesia, perceive influenza, identify the preventive measures they apply, and analyze their responses to health information regarding the disease. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten adult participants selected using a purposive sampling method. Each interview focused on knowledge of influenza symptoms, prevention habits, and perceptions of vaccination and healthcare services. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: awareness of influenza, prevention practices, attitudes toward healthcare, and information sources. The findings indicate that while participants recognize influenza as a contagious illness, misconceptions about its severity and the importance of vaccination remain common. Preventive actions such as hand hygiene, mask usage, and self-medication were widely practiced. The study concludes that strengthening public health communication and providing accessible education about vaccination and hygiene can significantly improve influenza prevention and reduce transmission within the South Jakarta community