Criminal Acts Of Mining Without Permits And Their Impact On The Environment (Analysis Of Decision No: 1417/Pid.Sus/2017/Pn.Mdn)

Abstract

This study discusses illegal mining crimes and their impact on the environment, focusing on a legal analysis of Decision Number 1417/Pid.Sus/2017/PN.MDN. Illegal mining is still rampant in Indonesia, causing serious losses to the state and ecological damage. The study uses a normative legal method with a case study approach to examine mineral and coal mining regulations and environmental protection, then compares them with judicial practices. The results show that illegal sand mining has ecological impacts such as soil degradation, changes in river morphology, flooding, landslides, and reduced biodiversity. In the case studied, the defendant was proven to have conducted mining without a mining business permit (IUP) or an environmental permit (UKL-UPL), and was then sentenced to six months' probation and a fine of IDR 5,000,000. This situation illustrates that law enforcement in the mining sector must not only focus on formal legal aspects, but also emphasize deterrence, educational functions, and environmental protection in order to achieve sustainable development.