Journal Hygeia Public Health

Risk Factors For Sexually Transmitted Infections In Housewives At Telaga Dewa Publichealth Centerbengkulu City In 2025

Fiya Diniarti — 2026-06-21

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are one of the public health problems that are still commonly found and can have serious impacts on reproductive health. Data obtained at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City, shows that in 2024, 425 patients underwent testing for sexually transmitted infections, with 50 testing positive, and in 2025, 296 people underwent testing, with 64 positive cases. (Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City). The purpose to determine the risk factors of sexually transmitted infections in housewives at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City in 2025. The research used in this study is analytical research with a case-control design. The population in this study amounted to 100 respondents, consisting of 50 respondents with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as the case group and 50 respondents without STIs as the control group. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The types of data used in this study were primary and secondary data. The data analysis used included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The statistical test used was the Chi-Square test (χ²), and data processing and analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 25. Univariate test analysis showed that almost half of the respondents (64.4%) were in the high-risk age group, almost half of the respondents (57.1%) had a secondary education level, half of the respondents (50%) used hormonal contraceptives, and most of the respondents (60%) were married. Almost half of the respondents (55%) had a history of one marriage. Bivariate analysis results showed a significant relationship between age with a p-value of 0.009, education with a p-value of 0.029, contraceptive history with a p-value of 0.000, marital status with a p-value of 0.000, and frequency of marriage with a p-value of 0.000 with the incidence of sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion and Suggestion: There is a relationship between age, education, history of contraceptive use, marital status, frequency of marriage and the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in housewives at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City in 2025. Regular screening is recommended for housewives, especially those who have partners with high-risk factors.

Factors Influencing Participation in Free Health Checkups Among Students at State High School 5 in Bengkulu City

Arita Hasoloan Simarmata — 2026-06-21

The Free Health Check-up (CKG) is a health screening program conducted by health workers directly at the target location, so students do not need to go to a community health center except for follow-up care, with a target of 52–53 million students (Ministry of Health, 2025). Data from the Bengkulu Provincial Health Office (September 2025) shows that CKG coverage for school-aged children is only 2.6%. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing CKG participation among students at SMA N 5 in Bengkulu City. The study employs a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 84 tenth-grade students was selected using systematic random sampling. Data analysis utilized the chi-square test (SPSS 22) followed by a binary logistic regression analysis. The results of the univariate analysis showed that of the 84 respondents, 48 (57.1%) had a good level of knowledge, 48 (57.1%) had a supportive attitude, 65 (77.4%) were female, 51 (60.7%) rated the role of teachers as good, 50 respondents (59.5%) rated the role of health workers as good, 52 respondents (61.9%) rated the implementation of the Free Health Check. The results of the bivariate analysis indicate a significant association between knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.009), gender (p = 0.022), the teacher’s role (p = 0.023), and the teacher’s role (p = 0.000) regarding the Free Health Check-up (CKG) among 10th-grade students at SMA N 5 in Bengkulu City. Multivariate Results: The role of health workers was the dominant factor associated with the implementation of the free health check-up program for 10th-grade students at SMA N 5 Kota Bengkulu, with the highest Exp(B) value of 16.337. It is hoped that SMA N 5 Kota Bengkulu can continue to increase support for the implementation of the Free Health Check-up (CKG) program by strengthening the role of teachers in health promotion and education activities for students.

Analysis Of Factors Affecting Healthcare Workers’ Readiness For The Implementation Of Electronic Health Records In The Outpatient Department Of Dr. M. Yunus General Hospital, Bengkulu, In 2025

Ingga Rahmadani — 2026-06-21

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) became a national mandate according to Minister of Health Regulation No. 24 of 2022, but the readiness of human resources (HR) is the key to successful implementation. This study aims to analyze the level of readiness of health workers in the Outpatient Department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu in facing the implementation of EMR. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The research sample consisted of 52 health workers in the Outpatient Department. Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire covering variables such as education level, years of service, profession, training history, and facilities and infrastructure. Univariate analysis results showed that out of 52 respondents, most of the respondents, 28 (53.8%), were not ready in terms of the health workers' readiness for EMR implementation. There was no correlation between the level of education and the readiness of health workers in the implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in the Outpatient Department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. The education level of healthcare workers in the outpatient department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu is dominated by higher education. There is a relationship between work tenure, profession, training history, and facilities with the readiness of healthcare workers in the Implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in the Outpatient Department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu in 2025. It is known that the variable of facilities is the dominant variable among the factors of healthcare worker readiness in the implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in the Outpatient Department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu in 2025. The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in the Outpatient Department of RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu requires improvement of infrastructure, facilities, and structured technical training to optimize the existing healthcare workers.

Cost Effecctive Analysis Of Antibiotic Therapy In Pneumonia Patients At Yogyakarta City Regional General Hospital

Nurul Faizah — 2026-06-21

Intoduction: Pneumonia is a respiratory disease with high mortality, morbidity, and costs. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the single and combination antibiotic therapy in pneumonia patients at RSUD Kota Yogyakarta. Method: Data were obtained from the medical records of patients receiving antibiotic therapy from January to December 2023. The analysis was performed by calculating the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio for each therapy regimen. Result and Discussion: The results showed that the single therapy with ceftriaxone inj. was more cost-effective, with an average cost per patient of IDR 4,468,952 and 100% effectiveness, resulting in an ACER value of IDR 44,689.52 per unit of effectiveness. Meanwhile, the combination therapy with Meiact capsules + fosmycin inj. was more cost-effective, with an average cost per patient of IDR 2,832,524 and 100% effectiveness, resulting in an ACER value of IDR 28,325.04 per unit of effectiveness. The combination therapy has a lower cost compared to the single therapy. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study suggests that combination therapy is more cost-effective than single therapy for managing pneumonia patients at RSUD Kota Yogyakarta.

Risk Factors For Sexually Transmitted Infections In Housewives At Telaga Dewa Publichealth Centerbengkulu City In 2025

Aprilia Suryadi — 2026-06-23

Intoduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are one of the public health problems that are still commonly found and can have serious impacts on reproductive health. Data obtained at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City, shows that in 2024, 425 patients underwent testing for sexually transmitted infections, with 50 testing positive, and in 2025, 296 people underwent testing, with 64 positive cases. (Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City). The purpose to determine the risk factors of sexually transmitted infections in housewives at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City in 2025. Methods: The research used in this study is analytical research with a case-control design. The population in this study amounted to 100 respondents, consisting of 50 respondents with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as the case group and 50 respondents without STIs as the control group. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The types of data used in this study were primary and secondary data. The data analysis used included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The statistical test used was the Chi-Square test (χ²), and data processing and analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 25. Results: Univariate test analysis showed that almost half of the respondents (64.4%) were in the high-risk age group, almost half of the respondents (57.1%) had a secondary education level, half of the respondents (50%) used hormonal contraceptives, and most of the respondents (60%) were married. Almost half of the respondents (55%) had a history of one marriage. Bivariate analysis results showed a significant relationship between age with a p-value of 0.009, education with a p-value of 0.029, contraceptive history with a p-value of 0.000, marital status with a p-value of 0.000, and frequency of marriage with a p-value of 0.000 with the incidence of sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion and Suggestion: There is a relationship between age, education, history of contraceptive use, marital status, frequency of marriage and the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in housewives at Telaga Dewa Health Center, Bengkulu City in 2025. Regular screening is recommended for housewives, especially those who have partners with high-risk factors.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Lecture and Singing Methods in Improving Oral Health Knowledge Among Elementary School Students at SDIT Lantabur in Pagar Alam City in 2025

Desinta Nataleni — 2026-06-23

Dental and oral health problems among elementary school-aged children remain high and are influenced by a lack of knowledge about how to maintain dental and oral hygiene. Health education is a preventive measure aimed at improving children’s knowledge, with lectures and singing serving as educational approaches that are easy to implement. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of lectures and singing in improving oral health knowledge among students at SDIT Lantabur in Pagar Alam City in 2025. This study employed a mixed-methods design with a quasi-experimental two-group pretest–posttest design. The sample consisted of 82 first-grade students divided into two groups, each comprising 41 students who received health education using the lecture method and the singing method, respectively. Data were collected using questionnaires administered before and after the intervention and were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. The results of the study show that before the lecture-based instruction, most students had insufficient knowledge (82.9%), and after the instruction, this increased to adequate knowledge (51.2%). Before the singing-based instruction, most students had insufficient knowledge (61%), and after the instruction, this increased to good knowledge (73.2%). Statistical tests showed that the lecture method was effective in improving students’ knowledge (p-value = 0.000) and the singing method was also effective (p-value = 0.000). The singing method proved to be more effective than the lecture method. The conclusion of this study is that the singing method is more effective in improving elementary school students’ knowledge of oral health.

The Effect Of Ergonomic Interventions On Musculoskeletal Disorders In Certified Refueler Officers

Sasaki Ridho Ashari — 2026-06-23

Pendahuluan: Pembebanan pada sistem otot akibat pekerjaan fisik dapat menimbulkan gangguan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja Certified Refueler Officer (CRO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas intervensi ergonomi berupa program peregangan kerja dan pelatihan ergonomi berbasis kerangka PRECEDE-PROCEED terhadap penurunan tingkat MSDs pada pekerja CRO di Bandara Halim Perdanakusuma dan Husein Sastranegara. Ruang lingkup penelitian mencakup pengukuran keluhan muskuloskeletal, pada seluruh populasi CRO di kedua lokasi. Metode: desain quasi-experimental dengan model Nonequivalent Control Group Design menggunakan teknik total sampling terhadap 36 pekerja CRO sebagai sampel. Instrumen utama yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk memetakan keluhan muskuloskeletal sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS versi 25 melalui uji univariat dan bivariat, termasuk uji Wilcoxon untuk perbandingan intrakelompok dan uji Mann-Whitney U-Test untuk perbandingan antarkelompok. Hasil dan Pembahasan: menunjukkan bahwa rerata skor MSDs kelompok eksperimen menurun dari 31 ± 5,3 menjadi 29,2 ± 1,6, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mengalami peningkatan ringan dari 31 ± 6,5 menjadi 32,1 ± 6,2. Meskipun demikian, perbedaan tersebut tidak bermakna secara statistik, baik pada uji intrakelompok eksperimen (p = 0,062), kontrol (p = 0,690), maupun uji antarkelompok post-test (p = 0,264). Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa intervensi peregangan kerja belum menghasilkan perubahan MSDs yang signifikan secara statistik, yang kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh durasi intervensi yang belum optimal, keterbatasan sampel, dan kondisi baseline risiko yang sudah berada pada level rendah.

Effect Of Infrared Therapy And William Flexion Exercise On Activities Of Daily Living Among Older Adults With Non-Specific Low Back Pain

Eka Putri Hikmawati — 2026-06-23

Background: Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder among older adults and may reduce their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Various physiotherapy interventions have been applied to manage this condition, including infrared (IR) therapy and William Flexion Exercise (WFE). This study aimed to analyze the effects of IR and WFE on ADL among older adults with non-specific LBP and to compare the effectiveness of both interventions. Methods: This study employed a quantitative experimental design using a two-group pretest–posttest approach. A total of 30 older adults with non-specific LBP who met the inclusion criteria were selected through purposive sampling and assigned to either the IR group (n=15) or the WFE group (n=15). Interventions were administered twice weekly for four weeks. ADL was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Mann–Whitney U Test. Results and Discussion: The results showed that IR significantly improved ADL among older adults with non-specific LBP (p=0.000). Similarly, WFE demonstrated a significant effect on ADL improvement (p=0.000). The Mann–Whitney U Test revealed a significant difference between the two interventions (p=0.000). The WFE group had a higher mean rank (21.43) than the IR group (9.57), indicating that WFE was more effective in improving ADL among older adults with non-specific LBP. Conclusion: Both infrared therapy and William Flexion Exercise significantly improved ADL among older adults with non-specific LBP. However, William Flexion Exercise demonstrated greater effectiveness than infrared therapy in enhancing ADL performance.

Extraoral Halitosis and Systemic Diseases: A Narrative Review

Edria Benita Tampubolon — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Halitosis is a common condition characterized by an unpleasant odor originating from the oral cavity or extra-oral sources. While most cases are associated with intraoral factors such as tongue coating, periodontal disease, and poor oral hygiene, approximately 10–20% of halitosis cases are linked to extra-oral or systemic conditions. Methods: This study was conducted as a narrative review to provide an overview of the current understanding of halitosis, including its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management, with particular emphasis on associated systemic diseases. Relevant literature was identified through searches of electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Result and Discussion: Extra-oral halitosis can be classified into non-blood-borne and blood-borne forms. Non-blood-borne halitosis arises from disorders of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system, and ear–nose–throat (ENT) region, whereas blood-borne halitosis results from volatile compounds entering the bloodstream and being exhaled through the lungs.Conclusion: Effective patient care often requires collaboration between dental practitioners and medical specialists. Recognizing halitosis as a potential manifestation of systemic disease enables earlier diagnosis, appropriate referral, and improved patient outcomes. Therefore, dental professionals play an important role in the multidisciplinary detection and management of halitosis associated with systemic disorders

The Double Burden Of Aging And Disability: An Analysis Of Disability Prevalence Among Older Adults In Indonesia (Based On The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey)

Pariawan Lutfi Ghazali — 2026-06-23

Background: Indonesia is currently undergoing a demographic transition characterized by a growing proportion of older adults, while simultaneously facing an increasing burden of disability associated with the aging process. The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI) provides the most recent nationally representative data on health conditions, including disability across different age groups. Objective: This study aims to analyze the prevalence of disability, levels of functional dependency, risk factors, and the availability of caregiving among the elderly population in Indonesia based on data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. A total of 97,339 individuals aged ≥60 years were analyzed for dependency status using the Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL), while 863,402 individuals aged ≥1 year were included in the analysis of sensory and motor disabilities. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine prevalence distributions by province, sociodemographic characteristics, and comorbid conditions. Results: The national prevalence of disability (visual, hearing, or mobility impairment) was 1.2% among individuals aged ≥1 year, with an exponential increase among older age groups: 5.4% among those aged 65–74 years and 15.1% among those aged ≥75 years. Overall, 95.0% of adults aged ≥60 years remained functionally independent according to the Barthel Index ADL. However, dependency increased substantially among those aged 80 years and older, with 16.7% classified as dependent. Stroke was identified as the comorbidity associated with the highest risk of dependency, with 37.6% of older adults with stroke experiencing functional dependence. Family members served as the primary caregivers for 80.8% of dependent older adults, whereas only 1.3% received care from formally trained elderly care providers. Conclusion: Indonesia is facing a double burden of population aging and disability, requiring comprehensive policy responses. These include strengthening primary healthcare services for older adults, enhancing the capacity of family caregivers, and developing community-based early detection programs for disability.

Factors Associated With Hearing Loss Among Patients At Hearing Clinic X In Surabaya City

Hesti Zulviyah Al Mumtazah — 2026-07-02

Introduction: Hearing loss is a health problem that can affect communication skills, social interactions, quality of life, and individual productivity. The incidence of hearing loss is influenced by various factors, such as genetic factors, noise exposure, ototoxic factors, and certain medical conditions. This study aims to analyze the relationship between genetic factors, noise exposure, ototoxic and medical factors with hearing loss in patients at Hearing Clinic X in Surabaya City. Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 67 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through a World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire, the Noise Exposure Questionnaire (NEQ), and hearing test results. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test at a significance level of 5%. Results and Discussion: A total of 27 respondents (40.3%) had hearing loss and 40 respondents (59.7%) had normal hearing. The results of the Chi-Square test showed that genetic factors (p=0.008), noise factors (p=0.003), and ototoxic and medical factors (p<0.001) were significantly associated with hearing loss. Ototoxic and medical factors showed the strongest association, with 81.3% of respondents in the at-risk group experiencing hearing loss. Conclusion: Genetic factors, noise factors, and ototoxic and medical factors were significantly associated with hearing loss in patients at Hearing Clinic X in Surabaya City. Increasing education, early detection, controlling noise exposure, and monitoring the use of ototoxic drugs and comorbidities are needed to prevent hearing loss.

The Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors And Musculoskeletal Disorder Complaints Among Workers At PT. Mekar Berseri Sempurna

Fiki Minyati — 2026-07-03

Intoduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are among the most common occupational health problems experienced by industrial workers due to exposure to physical and psychosocial risk factors in the workplace. High job demands, work pressure, mental workload, work relationships, and lack of social support may increase the risk of MSD complaints. PT. Mekar Berseri Sempurna is a seafood processing company where most production activities are still performed manually, placing workers at risk of developing musculoskeletal complaints. Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 80 workers, with 67 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Psychosocial factors were measured using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), while MSD complaints were assessed using the Nordic Body Map (NBM). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and Spearman Rank correlation test. Result and Discussion: Most respondents experienced high psychosocial factors (52.2%), while high MSD complaints were reported by 50.7% of respondents. Spearman Rank analysis showed a p-value of 0.006 with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.333. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between psychosocial factors and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among workers at PT. Mekar Berseri Sempurna. The correlation was positive with weak strength, indicating that higher psychosocial factors were associated with increased MSD complaints.