The Association Between a History of Hypertension and the Incidence of Hypertension in Pregnancy in the Working Area of Sawah Lebar Community Health Center, Bengkulu City

Abstract

Hypertension in pregnancy is a complication that can increase the risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. A history of pre-existing hypertension is a risk factor that requires attention during pregnancy monitoring. This study aimed to determine the relationship between a history of hypertension and the occurrence of hypertension in pregnancy. This study employed a quantitative method with an observational analytic design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 40 pregnant women selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews and observation sheets regarding hypertension history and blood pressure measurements. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, specifically the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α=0.05. Of the 40 respondents, 10 (25.0%) had a history of hypertension, while 30 (75.0%) did not. Fourteen respondents (35.0%) developed hypertension during pregnancy, and 26 (65.0%) did not. Among the 10 respondents with a history of hypertension, 8 (80.0%) developed hypertension during pregnancy. Meanwhile, among the 30 respondents without a history of hypertension, 6 (20.0%) developed hypertension during pregnancy. The Chi-Square test result showed a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05). There is a significant relationship between a history of hypertension and the occurrence of hypertension in pregnancy. A history of hypertension is a factor associated with the occurrence of hypertension in pregnancy, though it is not the sole influencing factor.