Quantitative Evaluation Of Antibiotic Use In Hospitalized Patients With Acute Gastroenteritis At UNS Hospital

Abstract

Antibiotics are the primary treatment for bacterial infections, but irrational use can lead to antibiotic resistance. One effort to control this problem is to conduct a quantitative evaluation of antibiotic use. This study aims to evaluate antibiotic use in patients treated at UNS Hospital in Surakarta in 2025 for acute gastroenteritis. Retrospective data were collected from patient medical records in this descriptive observational study. The sampling technique used was total sampling with inclusion criteria of inpatients aged 19–59 years diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis and receiving systemic antibiotic therapy. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) and Drug Utilization 90% (DU 90%) methods. The results showed a total antibiotic use of 75.27 DDD/100 hospitalization days with a total hospitalization period of 891 days. The antibiotic with the highest use was ceftriaxone injection at 33.22 DDD/100 hospitalization days, followed by ciprofloxacin injection, levofloxacin injection, and metronidazole injection. Based on the DU 90% analysis, antibiotics included in the highest usage segment were ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, cefixime, ampicillin, and azithromycin. The conclusion of this study indicates that broad-spectrum antibiotics still dominate therapy in hospitalized patients with acute gastroenteritis, thus requiring periodic monitoring and evaluation of antibiotic use to support rational antibiotic use.